Here is a chart, all nvidia on the left, all ATI on the right
http://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/graphics-card-geforce-radeon,2761-7.html
nvidia/ati do research & development and produce the video card. than brands like asus/evga/sapphire/his/diamond/powercolor sell them under their own name. The first release of new cards are called 'reference design', it's literally just an ati/nvidia card with an EVGA/Zotac sticker on it. Eventually evga/zotac create their own coolers and change the amount of ram and that's called 'non-reference'.
a stricly Nvidia GTX 260, or ATI 5850 straight from the company would be called OEM and only go into pre-built computers from big companies like DELL and HP. End consumers have to get it from asus or evga.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_NVIDIA_graphics_processing_units#GeForce_200_Series
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_AMD_graphics_processing_units#IGP_.28HD_3xxx.2C_HD_4xxx.29
98% of cards from Nvidia vs EVGA are the same thing, except the rare exception like the GT 240 consumer level vs commercial level (OEM, which u see in the wiki link).
ATI card go like , 3xxx series, 4xxx series, 5xxx series, 6xxx series.
Nvidia use to go 68xx, 78xx, 88xx, now they got, GTX 2xx , GTX 4xx, soon GTX 5xx