Well any Radeon HD 7950 beats any HD 7870, so eliminate the first 3 cards immediately. The 7950 is based upon a more powerful GPU. Don't be thrown off by core/memory speeds- those only matter when you're comparing cards based upon the same GPU.
http://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/2012/03/05/amd-radeon-hd-7850-2gb/3
Of the 7950 cards, the Sapphire is best. It's clocked the highest (950Mhz Core clock) and Sapphire is the most highly rated company for AMD cards in terms of build quality/reliability and customer support.
The Gigabyte and XFX cards are clocked identically (the XFX has a higher memory clock but that makes very little difference and it's more expensive than the better Sapphire card), so the Gigabyte card is the best deal, if you factor in the rebate.
I'm guessing the blue screening is due to hardware failure or overheating, but have you thought about going with an Nvidia card? Nvidia's drivers are more stable than AMD's, you don't get as many crashes/lockups due to driver bugs. The GeForce GTX 670 is worth a look- it's faster than the Radeon HD 7950 (and 7970), but is $50 more expensive.
Anyway, under $350 you can't beat the Radeon HD 7950.
http://www.techpowerup.com/reviews/NVIDIA/GeForce_GTX_670/21.html